• Imatinib was first approved for the treatment of Philadelphi

  2022-11-05

  

  Imatinib was first approved for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in 2001 [25]. This first approved small molecule antagonist is quite unusual in that it provides a durable response that lasts for more than a decade in the majority of patients. Imatinib h

• AKT has been shown to

  2022-11-05

  

  AKT1 has been shown to be important for G1-S checkpoint transition and proliferation, whereas AKT2 regulates cell-cycle exit through its interaction with p21 (Héron-Milhavet et al., 2006). In a recent study in triple negative breast cancer, AKT3, rather than AKT1 activity was most important for cell

• br Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by spontaneous rec

  2022-11-05

  

  Introduction Epilepsy is characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures and represents one of the most frequent neurological diseases affecting about 60 million people worldwide (McNamara, 1999). It is estimated that up to 50% of all cases are triggered by “initial precipitating injuries”, such

• br Actin at presynapses br Conclusion Thanks to the recent

  2022-11-05

  

  Actin at presynapses Conclusion Thanks to the recent discovery of rings, hotspots and trails, axonal Agarose GPG/ME is back in the spotlight. These are exiting times for neuronal cell biologists armed with constantly improving labeling and imaging techniques to observe, quantify and perturb th

• alverine Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS which u

  2022-11-05

  

  Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS), which utilizes recombinant antigens fused to the enzyme reporter Renilla luciferase (Ruc) to detect patient antibodies, provides a unique platform to investigate alverine directed against a variety of antigenic targets [25]. Previously, LIPS has been u

• Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a function of

  2022-11-05

  

  Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a function of biochemical mechanisms, which are energy-dependent. It is considered to be a vital component of many processes such as normal cell cycle, immune mechanism, atrophy, embryonic development and toxin-induced cell death (Elmore, 2007). In addition, apo

• Recent studies showed that the increased expression

  2022-11-05

  

  Recent studies showed that the increased expression of Aurora B kinase directly proportional to the tumor invasion and metastasis [61]. The Aurora B kinase regulates the PI2K/Akt signaling pathway has a significant role in tumor invasion and metastasis that leads to phosphorylation of GSK3β on ser 9

• In the current study we showed

  2022-11-05

  

  In the current study, we showed that known inhibitors of the F-ATPase and ionophores affect the growth of P. gingivalis and its plasma membrane ATPase, suggesting that the membrane ATPase can be a target for anti-periodontitis agents. We also identified stilbenoids that strongly inhibit the growth o

• AP activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes

  2022-11-05

  

  AP-1 activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes including Ponceau S Staining Solution receptor D1, c-myc, Bcl-xl, MMP-9, EGFR, and specific miRNAs that are involved in progression and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 has been shown as a downstream gene of AP

• br HMG proteins mobile modulators of chromatin structure and

  2022-11-05

  

  HMG proteins: mobile modulators of chromatin structure and cellular phenotype The term “High Mobility Group” was originally coined for the HMG proteins because of their unusual solubility properties, their small size and their rapid mobility, relative to other chromatin proteins, during gel elect

• br AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown i

  2022-11-04

  

  AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown in other types of malignancies, such as prostate cancer cells, it has been documented that androgens induce AR expression and its nuclear translocation as well as ARE promoter activity in urothelial cancer cells (Chen et al., 2003, Izumi et 

• Erastin In this study we demonstrated that

  2022-11-04

  

  In this study, we demonstrated that DRR1 protein level in GBM tissues was significantly higher compared to normal Erastin tissues. This data suggested that DRR1 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of glioma. To investigate whether DRR1 could accurately predict the outcome in patients with glioma

• Many of the cellular processes regulated by AKT activation

  2022-11-04

  

  Many of the cellular processes regulated by AKT activation are also controlled by other intracellular pathways such as the MAPK pathway, the PLCγ pathway, but also, directly or indirectly, by signaling pathways not linked to RTK transmembrane receptors, such as growth factor-linked signaling affecti

• br ABCA and cancer drug response

  2022-11-04

  

  ABCA2 and cancer drug response Overall, the expression of ABC transporters has been linked with multidrug resistance phenotypes through the efflux of drugs via ATP-dependent transport. For example, 13 distinct transporters (ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCB4, ABCB11, ABCC1–6 ABCC10, ABCC11 and ABCG2) have been

• ADOR immunoreactivity was high in parasympathetically innerv

  2022-11-04

  

  ADOR immunoreactivity was high in parasympathetically-innervated smooth muscle, namely the iris sphincter muscle and the ciliary muscle. No ADOR immunoreactivity was noted in the sympathetically-innervated iris dilator muscle. Immunoreactivity against all four ADORs was noted in the ciliary epitheli

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