• These results are particularly relevant in the context

  2018-10-23

  

  These results are particularly relevant in the context of South Africa and other TB-endemic settings, as widespread latent TB infection and the resultant elevated T-cell activation we have observed may provide an explanation for more rapid progression of HIV to AIDS and increased mortality in this s

• Various detection techniques for mutations are available but

  2018-10-23

  

  Various detection techniques for mutations are available, but screening of mutations for anti- therapy in CRC patients is done mostly by direct sequencing (DS) or real time PCR assays, which may be expensive and time consuming. In this issue of , Dr. Takayuki Yoshino and colleagues report on the uti

• Research was supported by Leukaemia

  2018-10-23

  

  Research was supported by Leukaemia Lymphoma Research UK (LLR Grant10016 to MFK, LLR Gordon Piller Studentship award Grant11043 to MFK, AK, DP), by an MRC-Imperial Confidence-in-Concept (ICiC) grant to MFK, and by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College NHS Trust, London. Results

• THZ2 In conclusion we report the development and validation

  2018-10-23

  

  In conclusion, we report the development and validation of TILDA, a novel assay to measure the size of the latent reservoir that is quantitative, sensitive, robust and requires only 10ml of blood. Moreover, results can be generated in two days. As such, TILDA may represent an alternative to existing

• In this issue of Liping Zhao and colleagues show that

  2018-10-23

  

  In this issue of , Liping Zhao and colleagues show that children with obesity have similar gut microbiota dysbiosis regardless of their genetic makeup, whether it is simple obesity (no underlying pathology) or genetic obesity (Prader–Willi syndrome). Furthermore, their microbiome profile can be chan

• The enhanced levels of methanol and pentanone in pre

  2018-10-23

  

  The enhanced levels of methanol and 2-pentanone in pre-transplant patients could come from a number of sources, including diet. Elevated levels of methanol have been reported following consumption of alcohol or large quantities of fruit (Lindinger et al., 1997). It is a product of the degradation of

• The diverse complex molecular events

  2018-10-23

  

  The diverse, complex molecular events involved in the initiation and development of malignant neoplasm require functional changes not only in the tumor cell growth-related genes and/or tissue-specific genes but also in the body\'s immune response-related genes. Accordingly, there should be multiple

• AVE 0991 br Results br Discussion Understanding the IA outbr

  2018-10-23

  

  Results Discussion Understanding the IA outbreak has been difficult because of the mostly sporadic nature of cases that are restricted to a subset of the population with hidden activities (Berger et al., 2014). Furthermore, efforts to directly monitor heroin for anthrax spore contamination by

• In this issue of report a study which used

  2018-10-23

  

  In this issue of , report a study which used the publicly available data from the American Gut Project including questionnaires and fecal 16S rRNA sequence data. The report focuses on associations between self-reported allergies and the adult fecal microbiota composition. Self-reported allergy preva

• Macrophages are now regarded as

  2018-10-23

  

  Macrophages are now regarded as prominent players in metabolic disorder and associated diseases. Their sub-populations (M1 and M2 macrophages) may have either deleterious or protective functions towards inflammatory regulation depending on certain conditions of various inflammatory microenvironments

• The finding of an aortic phenotype in

  2018-10-23

  

  The finding of an aortic aminopeptidase inhibitor in a mouse model with a complete Smad3 deficiency very similar to the human disease supports the idea that also lack of functional SMAD3 could cause the human clinical phenotype. A similar scenario has been described for the TGF-β2 mouse model (Boile

• Introduction In st century the century

  2018-10-23

  

  Introduction In 21st century, the century when the humanity hopes to embark on interplanetary travel, we are yet to fully reach an understanding of our very own idiosyncratic terra incognita – the human sleep. Sleep is a highly conserved evolutionary process that constitutes approximately one third

• Due to the importance of ClfA as a virulence

  2018-10-23

  

  Due to the importance of ClfA as a virulence factor, the protein has been explored as a potential vaccine candidate. Recombinant ClfA induced an antibody response in mice (Josefsson et al., 2008) and mice immunized with ClfA presented with less severe arthritis compared to mice immunized with a cont

• prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase Basically circadian rhyt

  2018-10-23

  

  Basically, circadian rhythms are recurrent patterns in numerous physiological processes that have been documented even in plants and cyanobacteria, in addition to animals, within a period of one day. The ATP/ADP ratios in cyanobacterial prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and sunflower roots are ac

• Since WNK overexpression accelerated expression of adipogeni

  2018-10-23

  

  Since WNK4 overexpression accelerated motilin receptor agonist of adipogenic genes (Fig. S7), we expected the overexpression of WNK4 in adipocytes would cause the phenotypes opposite to those in WNK4−/− mice. We first checked the WNK4 protein levels in the adipose tissues of WNK4D561A/+ and WNK4-Tg

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