• In this issue of Liping Zhao and colleagues show that

  2018-10-23

  

  In this issue of , Liping Zhao and colleagues show that children with obesity have similar gut microbiota dysbiosis regardless of their genetic makeup, whether it is simple obesity (no underlying pathology) or genetic obesity (Prader–Willi syndrome). Furthermore, their microbiome profile can be chan

• The enhanced levels of methanol and pentanone in pre

  2018-10-23

  

  The enhanced levels of methanol and 2-pentanone in pre-transplant patients could come from a number of sources, including diet. Elevated levels of methanol have been reported following consumption of alcohol or large quantities of fruit (Lindinger et al., 1997). It is a product of the degradation of

• The diverse complex molecular events

  2018-10-23

  

  The diverse, complex molecular events involved in the initiation and development of malignant neoplasm require functional changes not only in the tumor cell growth-related genes and/or tissue-specific genes but also in the body\'s immune response-related genes. Accordingly, there should be multiple

• AVE 0991 br Results br Discussion Understanding the IA outbr

  2018-10-23

  

  Results Discussion Understanding the IA outbreak has been difficult because of the mostly sporadic nature of cases that are restricted to a subset of the population with hidden activities (Berger et al., 2014). Furthermore, efforts to directly monitor heroin for anthrax spore contamination by

• In this issue of report a study which used

  2018-10-23

  

  In this issue of , report a study which used the publicly available data from the American Gut Project including questionnaires and fecal 16S rRNA sequence data. The report focuses on associations between self-reported allergies and the adult fecal microbiota composition. Self-reported allergy preva

• Macrophages are now regarded as

  2018-10-23

  

  Macrophages are now regarded as prominent players in metabolic disorder and associated diseases. Their sub-populations (M1 and M2 macrophages) may have either deleterious or protective functions towards inflammatory regulation depending on certain conditions of various inflammatory microenvironments

• The finding of an aortic phenotype in

  2018-10-23

  

  The finding of an aortic aminopeptidase inhibitor in a mouse model with a complete Smad3 deficiency very similar to the human disease supports the idea that also lack of functional SMAD3 could cause the human clinical phenotype. A similar scenario has been described for the TGF-β2 mouse model (Boile

• Introduction In st century the century

  2018-10-23

  

  Introduction In 21st century, the century when the humanity hopes to embark on interplanetary travel, we are yet to fully reach an understanding of our very own idiosyncratic terra incognita – the human sleep. Sleep is a highly conserved evolutionary process that constitutes approximately one third

• Due to the importance of ClfA as a virulence

  2018-10-23

  

  Due to the importance of ClfA as a virulence factor, the protein has been explored as a potential vaccine candidate. Recombinant ClfA induced an antibody response in mice (Josefsson et al., 2008) and mice immunized with ClfA presented with less severe arthritis compared to mice immunized with a cont

• prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase Basically circadian rhyt

  2018-10-23

  

  Basically, circadian rhythms are recurrent patterns in numerous physiological processes that have been documented even in plants and cyanobacteria, in addition to animals, within a period of one day. The ATP/ADP ratios in cyanobacterial prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and sunflower roots are ac

• Since WNK overexpression accelerated expression of adipogeni

  2018-10-23

  

  Since WNK4 overexpression accelerated motilin receptor agonist of adipogenic genes (Fig. S7), we expected the overexpression of WNK4 in adipocytes would cause the phenotypes opposite to those in WNK4−/− mice. We first checked the WNK4 protein levels in the adipose tissues of WNK4D561A/+ and WNK4-Tg

• Conflict of Interest br Non human primate NHP models

  2018-10-23

  

  Conflict of Interest Non-human primate (NHP) models utilizing infection with simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) remain the most compelling means to inform mechanisms of protection and viremic control as a guide to development of HIV vaccines for prevention and therapy short of human efficacy t

• Neves et al used a previously characterized

  2018-10-23

  

  Neves et al. used a previously characterized mouse model of severe iron overload (), wherein ferroportin is mutated so as to abolish hepcidin binding and the regulation of dietary iron absorption. In this model, excessive iron neuroscience peptides causes very severe iron overload in the liver and

• In this issue of Kobayashi et al

  2018-10-23

  

  In this issue of , Kobayashi et al. demonstrate the presence of tau mRNA in the dendritic bouton, and induction of dendritic tau translation and phosphorylation following stimulation of the ionotropic (NMDA & AMPA) glutamate receptors (). This work, emanating from the laboratory of Akihiko Takashima

• Tissue top down microproteomics gives

  2018-10-23

  

  Tissue top-down microproteomics gives insight on the tumor microenvironment with the identification of proteins involved in cancer processes, diagnosis and/or progression (Table 1). For example, the C-terminal fragment (aa425–483) of Cytokeratin-8 (KRT8) has been detected in our experiments in the n

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